Журнал «Медицина неотложных состояний» Том 20, №1, 2024

Незважаючи на те, що ризик смерті від езофагогастральної варикозної кровотечі, спричиненої портальною гіпертензією (ПГ), найвищий у пацієнтів із шлунково-кишковою кровотечею, діагностика й лікування потребують подальшого вдосконалення. Дане дослідження виконано на основі аналізу науково-практичних даних щодо діагностики й лікування хворих на ускладнену ПГ, що дозволяє зрозуміти складність патологічного процесу, причини незадовільних результатів діагностики й лікування, можливості надання планової та екстреної допомоги. Лікування ПГ включає профілактику першої кровотечі, лікування гострої варикозної кровотечі та профілактику повторної кровотечі. Огляд літератури на підставі джерел з бази PubMed, MEDLINE має на меті продемонструвати методи діагностики й лікування кровотечі з вен стравоходу і шлунка в медичних установах з різним рівнем можливостей.

Despite the fact that the risk of death from esophagogastric variceal bleeding caused by portal hypertension is highest in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, the diagnosis and treatment need to be further improved. This study is based on the analysis of scientific and practical data about the diagnosis and treatment of patients with complicated portal hypertension, which allows us to understand the complexity of the pathological process, the causes of unsatisfactory diagnostic and treatment results, and the possibility of providing routine and emergency care. Management of portal hypertension includes prevention of the first bleeding, treatment of acute variceal bleeding, and prevention of recurrent bleeding. The literature review based on sources from PubMed, MEDLINE aims to demonstrate the methods of diagnosing and treating bleeding from the esophageal and gastric veins in medical institutions with different levels of capacity.

портальна гіпертензія; варикозна кровотеча; інтервенційна терапія; діагностика; лапароскопічна хірургія

portal hypertension; variceal bleeding; interventional therapy; diagnosis; laparoscopic surgery

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